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Endometrial cancer is the most common form of gynecological cancer diagnosed in the United States and the fourth most common type of cancer found in women. However, endometrial cancer only accounts for 3 percent of cancer deaths for the female population. This type of cancer occurs primarily in postmenopausal women and originates in the lining of the uterus. The most common symptom is vaginal bleeding. Staging, or locating, the cancer is crucial to the treatment and management. Early stage endometrial cancer is only found in the uterus, while later stage can spread beyond the uterus or attack nearby lymph nodes.
Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy and hormone therapy. Often, patients will undergo a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with possible lymph node dissection to remove diseased tissue. Advancement of the cancer will determine whether patients receive radiotherapy to the pelvis to prevent a recurrence.